NEUROPSYCHIATRY

It is a branch of medicine that deals with psychological disorder that attributable to nervous system. Like any other disorder psychiatry disorders can be caused by neurotransmitter changes, brain changes, hormonal changes, genetic problems or many other causes.

This can be treated by medication from different class according to disorder and person. Remember its a myth that psychiatric medication are only for sleep or addictive.

Yes its course is long and its take time to get effect of medication.

HEADACHE

Headaches can be more complicated than most people realize.There are more than 200 types of headaches. Some are harmless and some are life-threatening. The description of the headache and findings on neurological examination, determine whether additional tests are needed and what treatment is best.

Headaches are broadly classified as "primary" or "secondary". Primary headaches are benign, recurrent headaches not caused by underlying disease or structural problems. For example, migraine is a type of primary headache. While primary headaches may cause significant daily pain and disability, they are not dangerous but causes significant life disturbances. Secondary headaches are caused by an underlying disease, like an infection, head injury, vascular disorders, brain bleed or tumors. Secondary headaches can be dangerous. Certain "red flags" or warning signs indicate a secondary headache may be dangerous.

90% of all headaches are primary headache. like migraine, tension headache, cluster headache, trigeminal neuralgia, or others. it can also be mix of these types.

DEPRESSION

Like any other medical illness Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act. Fortunately, it is also treatable.

Depression symptoms can vary from mild to severe and can include:

Feeling sad or having a depressed mood

Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed

Changes in appetite — weight loss or gain unrelated to dieting

Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much

Loss of energy or increased fatigue

Increase in purposeless physical activity (e.g., hand-wringing or pacing) or slowed movements and speech (actions observable by others)

Feeling worthless or guilty

Difficulty thinking, concentrating or making decisions

Thoughts of death or suicide

Like any other disorder in body its a disorder and can be treated very well by medication and therapy.

Its not in control of person and many of time waiting for treatment leads to worst outcome.

Early intervention leads to positive outcome.

ANXIETY

It’s normal to feel anxious about moving to a new place, starting a new job, or taking a test. This type of anxiety is unpleasant, but it may motivate you to work harder and to do a better job. Ordinary anxiety is a feeling that comes and goes, but does not interfere with your everyday life.

In the case of an anxiety disorder, the feeling of fear may be with you all the time and interfere with your everyday life. It is intense and sometimes debilitating.

Even person knows that his reactions are excessive and unnecessary but person cant control it .This type of anxiety may cause you to stop doing things you enjoy. In extreme cases, it may prevent you from entering an elevator, crossing the street, or even leaving your home. If left untreated, the anxiety will keep getting worse.

Anxiety is a key part of several different disorders.

Illness anxiety disorder: anxiety about your health.

Panic disorder: experiencing recurring panic attacks at unexpected times. A person with panic disorder may live in fear of the next panic attack and fear of heart attack.

Phobia: excessive fear of a specific object, situation, or activity

Social anxiety disorder: extreme fear of being judged by others in social situations

Separation anxiety disorder: fear of being away from home or loved ones

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): anxiety following a traumatic event

All anxiety disorder can be very well treated by medication and therapy. Person can experience calm and peace like never before

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a medical illness that causes repeated unwanted thoughts, image or sensations (obsessions) or the urge to do something over and over again (compulsions). Some people can have both obsessions and compulsions.

OCD isn’t about habits like biting your nails or thinking negative thoughts. An obsessive thought might be that certain numbers or colors are “good” or “bad.” A compulsive habit might be to wash your hands seven times after touching something that could be dirty. Although you may not want to think or do these things, you feel powerless to stop.

it’s a disorder caused by neurotransmitter change or other brain pathology. It’s beyond person’s control

OCD Types and Symptoms

Positively it can be treated with medication

PSYCHOSIS (SCHIZOPHRENIA)

Psychosis(schizophrenia) is a condition that affects the way your brain processes information. It causes you to lose touch with reality. You might see, hear, or believe things that aren’t real. Psychosis is a symptom, not an illness. A mental or physical illness, substance abuse, or extreme stress or trauma can cause it.

Psychosis doesn’t suddenly start. It usually follows this pattern:

A drop in grades or job performance

Trouble thinking clearly or concentrating

Suspiciousness or unease around others

Lack of self-care or hygiene

Spending more time alone than usual

Stronger emotions than situations call for No emotions at all

Hear, see, or taste things others don’t Hang on to unusual beliefs or thoughts no matter what others say

Pull away from family and friends

Stop taking care of yourself

Not be able to think clearly or pay attention

Auditory hallucinations: Hearing voices when no one is around

Tactile hallucinations: Strange sensations or feelings you can’t explain

Visual hallucinations: You see people or things that aren’t there, or you think the shape of things looks wrong

Beliefs that aren’t in line with your culture and that don’t make sense to others, like:

Outside forces are in control of your feelings and actions

Small events or comments have huge meaning

You have special powers, are on a special mission, or actually are a god

it can be treated by medication, in many cases patient not willing to take medicine. manytimes require admission.

Dementia (Alzheimer)

Dementia is a collective term used to describe various symptoms of cognitive decline, such as forgetfulness. It is a symptom of several underlying diseases and brain disorders.

While the likelihood of having dementia increases with age, it is not a normal part of aging.

Recent memory loss – a sign of this might be asking the same question repeatedly.

Difficulty completing familiar tasks – for example, making a drink or cooking a meal.

Problems communicating – difficulty with language; forgetting simple words or using the wrong ones.

Disorientation – getting lost on a previously familiar street, for example.

Problems with abstract thinking – for instance, dealing with money.

Misplacing things – forgetting the location of everyday items such as keys, or wallets, for example.

Mood changes – sudden and unexplained changes in outlook or disposition.

Personality changes – perhaps becoming irritable, suspicious or fearful.

Loss of initiative – showing less interest in starting something or going somewhere.

Alzheimer’s disease

Vascular dementia

Dementia with Lewy bodies.

Mixed dementia refers to a diagnosis of two or three types occurring together.

Parkinson’s disease it can also lead to dementia symptoms.

Huntington’s disease

Frontotemporal dementia

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease can be reduced by some medications. Brain cell death cannot be reversed but Further progression of disease can be reduced by medication.

SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

Most of the sexual dysfunctions are caused due to a problem in the psyche of the patient. Conventional medications and treatment are unable to deal with such issues. The help of a psychiatrist is important under these circumstances. Here is a look at the role that psychiatry plays in treating sexual dysfunctions.

1. Impotence/ Erectile dysfunction- Doctors will first determine whether the impotence is due to physical or psychological ailments. If the impotence results from a psychological disorder, doctors will not treat the impotence itself but the underlying condition.

2. Orgasmic Disorder- People may be unable to reach climax during sexual intercourse. This can be caused due to both psychological and physiological reasons. Lack of knowledge of the sexual anatomy and lack of attraction towards the sexual partner are two psychological reasons why you might be unable to orgasm.

3. Premature/Early ejaculation- Premature ejaculation is considered a problem only when the female partner is displeased with the duration of sexual intercourse. In such a case, both the partners need to seek counselling to figure out what may be leading to the issue.

4. Vaginismus- It is a condition where the outer portion of the vagina contracts every time an object goes inside the vagina. This condition may be caused due to a history of sexual violence or a trauma regarding the same. Psychiatrists can help deal with the underlying trauma and fear of sex, which will greatly help alleviate the symptoms of the condition.

De-Addiction

Addiction(alcohol, opium or any other) is a complex condition, a brain disease that is manifested by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequence.

People with addiction (severe substance use disorder) have an intense focus on using a certain substance(s), such as alcohol or drugs, to the point that it takes over their life.

They keep using alcohol or a drug even when they know it will cause problems. Yet a number of effective treatments are available and people can recover from addiction and lead normal, productive lives.

it can be treated with medication, motivation, councelling.

we treat as a person whole not just addiction